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Translate this code into real Rebol?

 [1/10] from: sunandadh:aol at: 23-Jan-2002 6:35


Here's a useful function (I think). It "pretty prints" numbers and currency amounts. Examples of output:
>> pretty-print-number 123
== "123"
>> pretty-print-number 12345
== "12,345"
>> pretty-print-number $12345
== "£12,345.00"
>> pretty-print-number -12345
== "-12,345"
>> pretty-print-number/brackets -12345
== "(12,345)"
>> pretty-print-number/brackets -$12345
== "(£12,345.00)"
>> pretty-print-number/brackets -$12345.68
== "(£12,345.68)" You can change the currency symbol, decimal and thousands separators, though not easily (eg for India) the digit groupings. It's typical of the sort of code I knock out in a hurry--in this case for the prototype I mention in an earlier post. It works, but it could almost be Basic. Is there a more Rebolish (Rebellious? Rebvolting?) way of doing this? = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = rebol [] Pretty-print-number: func [in-amount [Money! Integer! Decimal!] /Brackets /local work out-string thousands-sep decimal-sep currency-sign ][ thousands-sep: "," decimal-sep: "." currency-sign: "£" work: parse/all to-string in-amount decimal-sep out-string: copy "" if (length? work) > 1 [ insert out-string join decimal-sep work/2] while [(length? work/1) > 3] [ insert out-string copy skip work/1 ((length? work/1) - 3) insert out-string thousands-sep work/1: copy/part work/1 ((length? work/1) - 3) ] insert out-string work/1 ;; Fix the messes (like -,123 and $,123,456.78) ;; ============================================ replace out-string join "-" thousands-sep "-" replace out-string "$," "$" replace out-string "$" currency-sign if all [negative? in-amount Brackets ][ replace out-string "-" "" out-string: join "(" [out-string ")"] ] return out-string ] ; func = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = Thanks, Sunanda.

 [2/10] from: joel:neely:fedex at: 23-Jan-2002 8:04


Hi, Sunanda, I can't resist a good refactoring exercise... ;-) [SunandaDH--aol--com] wrote:
> Here's a useful function (I think). It "pretty prints" numbers > and currency amounts... >
...
> It's typical of the sort of code I knock out in a hurry--in this > case for the prototype I mention in an earlier post... >
and quite nicely, IMHO!
> It works, but it could almost be Basic. Is there a more Rebolish > (Rebellious? Rebvolting?) way of doing this? >
I'm not sure how rebolting I am ;-) but here is a variation that includes some alternatives you might consider. This one is also deliberately very simple/explicit, in the interest of readability. 8<---------------------------------------------------------------- pp-number: func [ in-amount [Money! Integer! Decimal!] /Brackets /local work out-string thousands-sep decimal-sep currency-sign ][ thousands-sep: "," decimal-sep: "." currency-sign: "£" work: parse/all to-string in-amount decimal-sep out-string: work/1 if negative? in-amount [remove out-string] ;; remove "-" if money? in-amount [remove out-string] ;; remove "$" if 3 < length? out-string [ out-string: skip tail out-string -3 ;; to last 3 digits while [1 < index? out-string] [ ;; insert as needed insert out-string thousands-sep out-string: skip out-string -3 ] ] if 1 < length? work [repend out-string [decimal-sep work/2]] if money? in-amount [insert out-string currency-sign] if negative? in-amount [ either Brackets [ out-string: join "(" [out-string ")"] ][ insert out-string "-" ] ] out-string ] 8<---------------------------------------------------------------- A few comments about strategy: * I tend to be reductionist in handling things like currency symbols and negative signs; just eliminate them (remembering that I did so!) and put them back after solving the simpler remaining case. The same applied to the fractional part. * Instead of after-the-fact correction of things like "-," and "$," I try to keep from occurring at all. * There are LOTS of variations on inserting thousands separators in numeric strings. Some are probably more "rebollious" than the one above, but I think it's fairly clear what it's doing (and it does use a couple of REBOL-specific string tricks). * I've gotten more in the habit of reserving RETURN for those situations where I'm actually doing an "premature exit with result" from a function. Since REBOL takes the last expression evaluated in a function as the function's value, ending a function with RETURN adds time, produces no benefit, and may help newbie readers avoid learning that standard rule. However, these are just my opinions, and YMMV. Thanks for the interesting puzzle! -jn- -- ; sub REBOL {}; sub head ($) {@_[0]} REBOL [] # despam: func [e] [replace replace/all e ":" "." "#" "@"] ; sub despam {my ($e) = @_; $e =~ tr/:#/.@/; return "\n$e"} print head reverse despam "moc:xedef#yleen:leoj" ;

 [3/10] from: sunandadh:aol at: 23-Jan-2002 10:51


Hi Joel,
> I can't resist a good refactoring exercise... ;-) <snip> > Thanks for the interesting puzzle!
Thanks for the ideas. It is always good to see how other people would do something. I find that very useful. It's a bit like having your pronunciation corrected when learning another language. Fess-up time. My original code had the inevitable bug, only--as usual--noticed too late. If you change decimal-sep and thousands-sep, eg: thousands-sep: "." decimal-sep: "," it goes wrong because it assumes Rebol is using the same decimal-sep internally. Of course it isn't. I still need a literal "." for handling the decimal while it's still a number. Sunanda.

 [4/10] from: g:santilli:tiscalinet:it at: 23-Jan-2002 22:32


Hello [SunandaDH--aol--com]! On 23-Gen-02, you wrote: S> works, but it could almost be Basic. Is there a more Rebolish S> (Rebellious? Rebvolting?) way of doing this? I don't know if this is more REBOLish, and it does not have all the features of your version, but the output can be loaded by REBOL and I've been using it for a lot of time.
>> form-decimal 123 none 2
== "123,00"
>> form-decimal 12345 none 2
== "12'345,00"
>> form-decimal 12345678 none 0
== "12'345'678"
>> form-decimal 123 10 2
== " 123,00"
>> form-decimal 123456 10 2
== "123'456,00" right: func [str [string!] n [integer!]] [ head insert/part insert/dup make string! n #" " n - length? str tail str negate n ] form-decimal: func [num [number!] len [integer! none!] cifre [integer!] /local str num-len] [ ; ***WARNING*** positive numbers only. num: abs num str: make string! len either zero? num [ num-len: 1 if cifre > 0 [num-len: num-len + cifre + 1] len: any [len num-len] insert insert/dup str #" " subtract len num-len #"0" if cifre > 0 [insert/dup insert tail str #"," #"0" cifre] ] [ if 14 < add cifre log-10 num [return either len [right form num len] [form num]] num: form add multiply power 10 cifre to-decimal num 0,5 clear any [find num "." ""] ; for numbers < 1 insert/dup num #"0" 1 + cifre - length? num cifre: skip tail num negate cifre num-len: to-integer divide subtract index? cifre 2 3 num-len: add num-len length? num if not tail? cifre [num-len: add num-len 1] len: any [len num-len] insert/part insert/dup str #" " subtract len num-len num num: skip num add 1 (subtract index? cifre 2) // 3 while [(index? cifre) > (index? num)] [ insert/part insert tail str #"'" num num: skip num 3 ] if not tail? cifre [ insert insert tail str #"," cifre ] ] str ] Regards, Gabriele. -- Gabriele Santilli <[giesse--writeme--com]> - Amigan - REBOL programmer Amiga Group Italia sez. L'Aquila -- http://www.amyresource.it/AGI/

 [5/10] from: jeff:rebol at: 23-Jan-2002 17:00


Another entry for the number pretty printer: pretty-number: func [ in-amt [money! integer! decimal!] /local i-part f-part h-part out e neg get-high thousands-sep decimal-sep currency p-amt zpad ][ decimal-sep: #. thousands-sep: #, currency: #£ set [i-part neg f-part get-high zpad] reduce [ abs to-integer any [ all [money? in-amt out: copy currency in-amt: in-amt/2] all [out: copy currency: # in-amt] ] pick ["-" ""] negative? in-amt do pick [[join decimal-sep f-part] #] found? f-part: find/reverse/tail tail form in-amt #. func [x m /local p s][ reduce either x > p: 10 ** m [[s: to-integer x / p x - (s * p)]][[# x]] ] func [e x][either e [x][skip tail append copy #000 x -3]] ] for i 99 3 -3 [ set [h-part i-part] get-high i-part i if any [not e: currency = out number? h-part][ repend out [zpad e h-part thousands-sep] ] ] rejoin [neg out zpad e i-part f-part] ] commentary: { This has various REBOL idioms mixed in with my own. The way I did the function is a common approach I find I do in programming: breakdown, process, synthesize. In REBOL that amounts to first setting various locals, then doing some processing loop, ending with some kind of REDUCE or JOIN. Another REBOL idiom used is to "piggy-back" work in certain convenient places, for example, in the process of setting 'i-part I conditionally extract the number portion of in-amt if it's a money! in turn making sure that my output string is initialized with the currency or not depending on if money?. Similarly, I "piggy-back" all the word setting together, (except for the three user-vars which I left at the top). I tried to avoid the RT favorite bug-bear, which is to turn all problems into pure string processing. Working with the item-in-question's natural datatype (number), with the notable exception of handling the fractional part. One of my idioms is I often (ab)use issue! datatype. That's because no one seems to use it and I want to be original. (-: To ensure we get a string result, I just make sure NEG is a string. Another handy REBOL idiom is to have a function which returns a block. The block contains your "answer" as well as the next increment. You can see this with set [h-part i-part] get-high i-part i 'I-part gets moved along by each call to GET-HIGH. For example, look at LOAD/next and DO/next. Lets see.. I also removed the brackets refinement because I felt it didn't go with the function, but should go somewhere else. Now, Joel may benchmark these functions and demonstrate that my code is not the optimal solution. (-: This is likely because of the inner functions among other things. Inner functions are used when you want to share context, but in the case above, I defined them inside the function because they go with its "thinking". They'll likely be a performance hit, though (among other things). But efficiency wasn't a condition to play, so the optimization can be left as an exercise for performance critical uses. -jeff }

 [6/10] from: joel:neely:fedex at: 23-Jan-2002 20:52


Hi, Jeff, Perhaps you can shed some light on a couple of questions... Jeff Kreis wrote:
> Similarly, I "piggy-back" all the word setting together, > (except for the three user-vars which I left at the top). >
I did some test a while back that indicated that set [word1 word2 word3 ... wordN] reduce [ expression1 expression2 expression3 ... expressionN ] takes a surprising performance hit compared with word1: expression1 word2: expression2 word3: expression3 ... wordN: expressionN (example in footnote below). I'm very fond of the idea of concurrent assignment (or whatever other term one would prefer) for a variety of reasons, but have a hard time with the performance penalty. Is it reasonable to believe that the majority of the extra time required by the block SET is due to REDUCE -- specifically the time required to allocate, and store values in, a new block? Is there any hope of a "special form" or other means of avoiding the cost penalty?
> Now, Joel may benchmark these functions and demonstrate that > my code is not the optimal solution. (-: >
Time isn't the only measure of optimality; readability also counts for something! ;-)
> This is likely because of the inner functions among other > things. Inner functions are used when you want to share > context, but in the case above, I defined them inside the > function because they go with its "thinking". They'll likely > be a performance hit, though (among other things). >
I'm also fond of using inner functions as a way to package meaningful chunks of sub-computations without polluting the enclosing namespace, but have pondered how to get those benefits without the cost of (inner) function definition for every (outer function) evaluation. One idea that I've played with is employing USE to hide the helper(s), as in fibonacci: use [fibohelp] [ fibohelp: func [n [integer!] /local a b] [ a: 0 b: 1 while [n > 0] [a: (b: b + a) - a n: n - 1] a ] func [n [integer!]] [ either all [negative? n even? n] [ - fibohelp abs n ][ fibohelp abs n ] ] ] which allows the helper to be defined once for all, instead of redefining it every time the parent is evaluated. Of course, this has the drawback it doesn't allow the (formerly inner) helper function access to the outer function's namespace. This limitation can be fixed by placing the shared words within the USE context, but then that has really nasty consequences on recursion! Any thoughts on how to get the benefits of inner functions (nice "packaging" and communication of ideas, maximum locality, minimizing global namespace impact, shared context) without the overhead of redefinition on every use? -jn- 8<------------------------------------------------------------ Footnote: The following functions demonstrate the extra time required for block SET, and provide some evidence that REDUCE is the culprit. ; set three words to trivial expressions via block SET bset3: func [n [integer!] /local t0 w0 w1 w2] [ t0: now/time/precise repeat i n [set [w0 w1 w2] reduce [i i i]] now/time/precise - t0 ] ; set three words to trivial expressions individually iset3: func [n [integer!] /local t0 w0 w1 w2] [ t0: now/time/precise repeat i n [w0: i w1: i w2: i] now/time/precise - t0 ] ; set one word to a block of trivial expressions setb3: func [n [integer!] /local t0 w0] [ t0: now/time/precise repeat i n [w0: reduce [i i i]] now/time/precise - t0 ] ; "chain" set three words to a trivial expression cset3: func [n [integer!] /local t0 w0 w1 w2] [ t0: now/time/precise repeat i n [w0: w1: w2: i] now/time/precise - t0 ]
>> print [cset3 1000000 iset3 1000000 setb3 1000000 bset3 1000000]
0:00:02.96 0:00:04.34 0:00:22.41 0:00:27.9 CSET3 provides a baseline for the overhead of the loop and the three set-words. The additional time required by ISET3 is due to the two additional evaluations of I. REDUCEing a block of three occurrences of I takes about 5 times as much time as evaluating I three times. Doing the block SET bumps the time up further (this increase alone is more than the total time for the three set-word version). -- ; sub REBOL {}; sub head ($) {@_[0]} REBOL [] # despam: func [e] [replace replace/all e ":" "." "#" "@"] ; sub despam {my ($e) = @_; $e =~ tr/:#/.@/; return "\n$e"} print head reverse despam "moc:xedef#yleen:leoj" ;

 [7/10] from: brett:codeconscious at: 24-Jan-2002 15:18


Hi Joel, I know your message was directed to Jeff and I look forward to his answer.
> Any thoughts on how to get the benefits of inner functions > (nice "packaging" and communication of ideas, maximum locality, > minimizing global namespace impact, shared context) without > the overhead of redefinition on every use?
I don't pretend to have a good answer, but thought I'd share this; what about a defining a context (object!)? make context [fibohelp: none] [ set 'fibonacci func [n [integer!] /test][ fibohelp: func [n [integer!] /local a b] [ a: 0 b: 1 while [n > 0] [a: (b: b + a) - a n: n - 1] print ["by the way the value of test is:" mold test] a ] either all [negative? n even? n] [ - fibohelp abs n ] [ fibohelp abs n ] ] ] The good thing is Fibohelp can utilise words from Fibonacci's namespace. The bad thing is if you wanted Fibonacci in an object of itself. The assumed thing is that there is no redefinition occurring every call. Brett.

 [8/10] from: joel::neely::fedex::com at: 23-Jan-2002 23:40


Hi, Brett, Brett Handley wrote:
> make context [fibohelp: none] [ > set 'fibonacci func [n [integer!] /test][
<<quoted lines omitted: 14>>
> namespace... The assumed thing is that there is no redefinition > occurring every call.
AFAICT that's a bad assumption, and the above is just a more complicated way of saying fibonacci: func [n [integer!] /local fibohelp] [ fibohelp: func [n [integer!] /local a b] [ a: 0 b: 1 while [n > 0] [a: (b: b + a) - a n: n - 1] a ] either all [negative? n even? n] [ - fibohelp abs n ][ fibohelp abs n ] ] which actually *does* redefine FIBOHELP every time FIBONACCI is invoked. Both of the above versions run about four and a half times slower than the version (posted earlier) created with USE. (I removed the /TEST refinement and related PRINT before running the timing tests so that I/O lag wouldn't affect the results.) -jn- -- ; sub REBOL {}; sub head ($) {@_[0]} REBOL [] # despam: func [e] [replace replace/all e ":" "." "#" "@"] ; sub despam {my ($e) = @_; $e =~ tr/:#/.@/; return "\n$e"} print head reverse despam "moc:xedef#yleen:leoj" ;

 [9/10] from: rotenca:telvia:it at: 24-Jan-2002 17:07


> It's typical of the sort of code I knock out in a hurry--in this case for
the
> prototype I mention in an earlier post. It works, but it could almost be > Basic. Is there a more Rebolish (Rebellious? Rebvolting?) way of doing this? > > rebol [] > > Pretty-print-number: func [in-amount [Money! Integer! Decimal!]
This is my try (i do not if it is more ...anything, only sure that it uses parse :-) Note: The var 'tho-any keeps the number of digits before the thousands separator. Should not be difficult to change it to output a fixed number of decimal also for integer! and decimal!. REBOL [] context [ dec: #"." tho: #"," tho-any: 3 cur: #"£" out: "" emit: func[x][insert tail out x] digit: make bitset! "0123456789" y: ism: none rule: [ [copy y some digit "." (emit y emit dec) | (if is-m [emit "00" emit dec])] copy y 1 tho-any digit (emit y) any [copy y 1 tho-any digit (emit tho emit y)] opt [#"$" (emit cur)] opt [#"-" (emit #"-")] ] do [ pretty-print-number: func [ x [Money! Integer! Decimal!] /brackets ][ is-m: money? x clear out x: form x reverse x parse/all x rule reverse out print either all [brackets #"-" = first out][ join replace out "-" "(" ")" ][ out ] ] ] ] --- Ciao Romano

 [10/10] from: jeff:rebol at: 24-Jan-2002 9:14


Howdy, Joel:
> I did some test a while back that indicated that > set [word1 word2 word3 ... wordN] reduce [
<<quoted lines omitted: 4>>
> word2: expression2 > ... wordN: expressionN
. . .
> Is it reasonable to believe that the majority of the extra > time required by the block SET is due to REDUCE -- > specifically the time required to allocate, and store > values in, a new block?
Well, REDUCE will add some overhead because it adds another thing to evaluate and, as you indicate, does create a temporary block to return as a result, but there's some other overhead as well. Consider what happens when REBOL encounters the following: A) SET [foo bar] [1 2] B) foo: 1 bar: 2 First: A) we see SET, we evaluate the word SET and determine it's a NATIVE. We figure out how many args it takes, then collect the arguments (evaluating those in the process) and then we call the native. B) we see FOO:, it's a set-word, to evaluate the set-word we simply evaluate the next argument and we're done. Back in case A) We see that it's a block of something to SET so we're trucking down the block. We need to make sure that each thing is a word before we try and set it. Bad things happen when you try to set, for example, a number to some value. This used to crash REBOL: set [1 2 3] [4 5 6] So this additional but necessary error checking adds some overhead. Again, in case B) after encountering BAR: we just evaluate the next argument and we're done. We've only evaluated two arguments in this case. The process of evaluating a SET-WORDS sets it, so it will always be more efficient than using a NATIVE, and the native has to worry about being passed bogus stuff. The difference in speed is a matter of a difference in the complexity of the expressions and a difference in the amount of evaluation that occurs. The question of efficiency and readability reminds me: INSERT TAIL will always be quicker than APPEND, but most people justifiably use APPEND. I tend to use REBOL idioms to get me down the road. If and when I ever determine that I need a speed up then I can go back and optimize. If I always picked my code based on efficiency I wouldn't use mezzanines functions, just natives.
> Any thoughts on how to get the benefits of inner functions > (nice "packaging" and communication of ideas, maximum > locality, minimizing global namespace impact, shared > context) without the overhead of redefinition on every use?
REBOL modules. (-; Or contexts in the meantime. -jeff

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